Taal's largest known explosive eruption which occurred only 6,000 years ago devastated an area of 5,000 square kilometers. That marks the scope of the area incinerated by pyroclastic flows, which traveled as 67 kilometers from its source and nearly reached the land which southern Manila is built upon. This eruption, as detailed in a recently published scientific paper which this video will be analyzing also noted that 3 other large caldera forming eruptions occurred in the last 6,000 years. With 4 known VEI 6 or larger eruptions during that timeframe, the Taal volcano is truly a volcanic monster.

Thumbnail Photo Credit: Phivolcs. This image was overlaid with text, and then overlaid with GeologyHub made graphics (the image border & the GeologyHub logo).

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Sources/Citations:
[1] Withoos, Yannick (2022). A study of the stratigraphy, lithofacies and geochemistry of Taal Caldera Volcano, Philippines, and its implications for the understanding of flooded caldera volcanoes. University of Leicester. Thesis. https://doi.org/10.25392/leicester.da...
[2] Phivolcs
[3] VEIs, dates/years, composition, tephra layer name, DRE estimates, and bulk tephra volume estimates for volcanic eruptions shown in this video which were assigned a VEI 4 or larger are sourced from the LaMEVE database (British Geological Survey © UKRI), https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/vogripa/view/c..., Used with Permission
[4] Source of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) methodology and criteria: Newhall, C. G., and Self, S. (1982), The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) an estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87(C2), 1231–1238, doi:10.1029/JC087iC02p01231. Accessed / Read by    / geologyhub   on Oct 5th, 2022.
[5] J. Ewert, A. Diefenbach, D. Ramsey, "2018 Update to the U.S. Geological Survey National Volcanic Threat Assessment", U.S. Geological Survey, Accessed October 22, 2022. https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5140/s...

0:00 4000 BCE Eruption
0:39 A New Size Estimate
1:18 Taal's Caldera
2:19 Major Eruption Timeline
3:32 Patterns of Activity